Arabic Phonology: An Accoustical and Physiological Investigation

Acoustic Phonetics Acoustical Society appears ARABIC PHONOLOGY baseline burst CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ charts common allophone Congress of Phonetic consonant clusters cps and F3 CRUZ The University CYCLES PER SECOND declarative statement F₁ F1 and F2 F2 onset final position followed formant structures formants Fourth International Congress free variation FREQUENCY IN CYCLES Fricative Consonants fricatives fundamental frequencies glide intervocalically Journal Language lexical item Library The University long vowels lower measurements medially and finally Mouton msec nasals neighboring vowels Non-Pharyngealized Consonants onsets of F2 pharyngealized consonants PHARYNGEALS AND GLOTTALS Phonemic Phonetic Sciences Phonology pitch level place of articulation random noise relative duration released or unreleased Roman Jakobson Sciences The Hague SECONDS FIG Society of America spectrograms Speech steady-states of 2200 Stop Consonants Studies syllable nucleus Tracing unaspirated University Library UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA usual steady-states utterance velar vertical voice bar voiced noise vowel formants Vowels in Isolation weak formants word